Overview
Laboratory framework for anemia pattern recognition before disease-specific modules.
Classification
| Branch | Key tests (examples) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Microcytic | Iron studies, ferritin, CRP, Hb electrophoresis | Thalassemia trait vs iron deficiency, smear and RBC count help |
| Macrocytic | B₁₂, folate, reticulocytes, thyroid if indicated | Macro-ovalocytes suggest megaloblastic pattern |
| Normocytic + high retic | Hemolysis markers, DAT, LDH, haptoglobin per protocol | Hemolysis/loss with response |
| Normocytic + low retic | Marrow insufficiency workup clinician-directed | Nutrient, chronic disease, primary marrow |
Morphologic Features
Smear refines index-based branch selection.
Laboratory Characteristics
- Follow institutional anemia reflex algorithm
Reference Intervals
Anemia thresholds from report intervals, not universal.
Clinical and Laboratory Significance
Laboratory frames pattern, clinician orders confirmatory studies.
Differential Considerations
Multiple etiologies per branch, avoid single-label diagnosis.
Comparison Tables
Classification Frameworks
Laboratory Notes
- Module 10 anemias: disease-specific depth.
References
Authoritative textbooks, guidelines, and reviews supporting this reference entry. Verify reference intervals, critical limits, and reflex criteria against institutional protocols and current guideline editions.
Textbooks
- McPherson RA, Pincus MR. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Elsevier; 2021.
- Rodak BF, Carr JH. Rodak's Hematology: Clinical Principles and Applications. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2020.
- McKenzie SB, Williams JL. Clinical Laboratory Hematology. 4th ed. Pearson; 2022.
- Bain BJ. Blood Cells: A Practical Guide. 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2015.
CLSI and Professional Guidelines
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Reference and Selected Performance Standards for the Automated Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC). CLSI document H26-A2. CLSI; 2010.
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Defining, Establishing, and Verifying Reference Intervals in the Clinical Laboratory; Approved Standard. CLSI document EP28-A3c. CLSI; 2010.
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Management of Critical- and Significant-Risk Results. CLSI guideline GP47-Ed1. CLSI; 2015.
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